The freight landscape is illustrative of city logistics through the differences in population and employment densities observed through a metropolitan area. Four main quadrants can be identified:
- High density convergence. Central areas with complex city logistics including courier services. retail logistics, food deliveries and home deliveries.
- Population-based divergence. High density residential areas generating retail logistics and home deliveries.
- Employment-based divergence. Manufacturing and warehousing areas generating freight distribution flows related to their supply chains.
- Low density convergence. Suburban areas with various low density settings, including housing, retail, manufacturing and distribution areas.